NATO’s southern flank poses a unique set of challenges for the transatlantic community, including terrorism, illicit flows, the refugee and migrant crisis, and an arc of unraveling states. Drawing on regional and Washington-based programming and analysis, this effort aims to examine these challenges and their implications for the Alliance, and develop a more comprehensive strategy to address NATO’s south. As part of this, the Initiative launched a “Mediterranean Futures 2030” report, released in early 2017. The report, an analysis out to the year 2030, identified drivers of change in region since the Arab Uprisings in 2011, outlined plausible scenarios in a series of alternative futures, and provides strategy recommendations for NATO, the EU, the US, and other Mediterranean regional actors.