How the US and Europe can deter and respond to Russia’s chemical, biological, and nuclear threats
By
Philippe Dickinson, Ryan Arick, Natasha Lander Finch
A willingness to use chemical weapons has long been a feature of Russian aggression, on the battlefield in Ukraine and on the streets of Europe. Will Russia escalate to the use of biological weapons? And what about the country’s nuclear saber-rattling? An in-depth study of how Russia uses these threats calls for a strong NATO response.