Italy’s policy on China: The Belt and Road gamble and its aftermath

Report Sep 30, 2025

Turkey in the changing transatlantic trade environment

By Charles Lichfield

Exploring Turkey’s position in the changing global trade order and analysis of the opportunities and challenges facing the country.
Economy & Business European Union
Italy’s policy on China: The Belt and Road gamble and its aftermath

Issue Brief Sep 30, 2025

As Europe’s neutral states shift closer to NATO, Ireland approaches a turning point for its security

By Maeve Drury and Jason C. Moyer

Ireland spends the least of any EU country on defense. Taoiseach Micheál Martin wants to change that. With military neutrality deeply rooted in the country’s history of violent civil conflict, what will re-armament take?
Europe & Eurasia Maritime Security
Italy’s policy on China: The Belt and Road gamble and its aftermath

Issue Brief Sep 29, 2025

How to dismantle a reserve currency

By Daniel McDowell

For the economic tumult that the dollar has faced over the last eighty years, its political foundations have remained steadfast—until now. As the political order on which the dollar system rests grows creaky, dollar preeminence is also looking wobbly.
Economy & Business Europe & Eurasia

Content

Report

Nov 10, 2025

Italy’s policy on China: The Belt and Road gamble and its aftermath

By Valbona Zeneli

From the Silk Road to the Belt and Road Initiative, Italy’s relationship with China has shifted from early enthusiasm to cautious recalibration. Once Europe’s gateway for Beijing’s ambitions, Rome now frames its China policy around transatlantic solidarity, balancing economic opportunity with strategic prudence.

China
Economy & Business

Report

Nov 10, 2025

Germany’s policy on China: From win-win to strategic competition

By Valbona Zeneli

Germany’s China policy has shifted from economic optimism to cautious competition—balancing trade interests with mounting security concerns. Once built on deep interdependence, Berlin now prioritizes “de-risking” and resilience in its approach to Beijing.

China
Economy & Business

Report

Nov 10, 2025

Hungary’s policy on China: Doing Beijing’s bidding

By Zoltán Fehér

Under Prime Minister Viktor Orbán, Hungary has emerged as China’s closest ally within the EU, aligning its foreign policy with Beijing’s global agenda and repeatedly obstructing EU efforts to counter Chinese influence.

China
Economy & Business

Report

Nov 10, 2025

Czechia’s policy on China: Swinging between engagement and de-risking

By Zoltán Fehér

Although Czechia emerged as one of the EU’s early hawks and whistleblowers on China, its overall stance has shifted markedly over the past two decades—oscillating between engagement and balancing, with the fluctuations largely driven by domestic political divisions and sustained Chinese influence efforts.

Central Europe
China

Report

Nov 10, 2025

The European Commission’s role in steering Europe’s strategic outlook

By Zoltán Fehér

Over the past decade, the European Commission has led the EU’s pivot toward balancing and “de-risking” China. Trade and investment have been at the heart of this strategy, not only because of the Commission’s authority in these domains, but also because they are the primary channels through which China challenges Europe’s economic and political interests.

China
Economy & Business

Issue Brief

Nov 4, 2025

A next-generation agenda: South Korea-US-Australia security cooperation

By Lauren D. Gilbert, Kester Abbott, Hannah Heewon Seo

Growing collaboration and cooperation between the United States, South Korea, and Australia could be key to maintaining security and prosperity in the Indo-Pacific. The Atlantic Council and the Korea Foundation gathered rising experts from the United States, South Korea, and Australia to identify obstacles to that cooperation and opportunities to overcome them.

Australia
Defense Industry

Issue Brief

Oct 30, 2025

Forging North America’s energy advantage: Mexico’s pivotal role

By Juan José Gómez-Camacho and Liliana Diaz

With its expanding natural gas sector, export capacity, and more, Mexico can strengthen North America’s energy resilience and competitiveness.

Energy & Environment
Energy Markets & Governance

Issue Brief

Oct 29, 2025

Democracy at a crossroads: Rule of law and the case for US engagement in the Balkans

By Stephen Nix and Megan Tamisiea

This issue brief is the third in the Freedom and Prosperity Center's "Future of democracy assistance" series, which analyzes the many complex challenges to democracy around the world—and highlights actionable policies that promote democratic governance.

Democratic Transitions
Elections

Report

Oct 27, 2025

Authoritarian reach and democratic response: A tactical framework to counter and prevent transnational repression

By Marcus Kolga, Sze-Fung Lee, Iria Puyosa, Kenton Thibaut, and Lisandra Novo

When foreign governments conduct surveillance, intimidation, or enforcement actions—including through the exercise of extraterritorial police power by authoritarian regimes inside the nations they target—they undermine state sovereignty and threaten to erode public trust in institutions, representing a significant national security threat.  

Digital Policy

Report

Oct 23, 2025

Why Washington should pay attention to Turkey’s presence in Central Asia

By Kiran Baez

Understanding Turkey's presence in Central Asia its implication for US foreign policy objectives in the region.

Central Asia
European Union
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